阀切换离子色谱法测定电厂烟气异丙醇吸收液中三氧化硫的含量

建立了一种阀切换离子色谱法检测烟气中SO_3的方法,通过检测异丙醇(80%)前处理过的样品中SO_4~(2-)含量来实现对SO_3含量的检测。采用异丙醇(80%)吸收液将样品中的SO_3转化为SO_4~(2-),利用阀切换的在线预处理方法除去高浓度异丙醇对SO_4~(2-)测定所造成的影响。结果表明,在0.5～10.0mg/L线性范围内,其相关系数R~2=0.999 3,相对标准偏差为2.7%(n=6),检出限为0.7×10~(-2) mg/L,所得样品的加标回收率为95.0%～105%。方法可用于燃煤电厂烟气中SO_3含量的检测。     

Effects of Homogenization Models and Emulsifiers on the Physicochemical Properties of β-Carotene Nanoemulsions

Microfluidization and high pressure valve homogenization were applied to prepare β-carotene nanoemulsions, and the mathematical relationship between homogenization pressures and emulsion temperatures, homogenization pressures/cycles, and droplet sizes, were established. Emulsions through Microfluidizer had lower temperature and much smaller droplet sizes, compared with those through high pressure valve homogenizer. Four emulsifiers were compared for their capacities to stabilize nanoemulsions. The two large molecule emulsifiers, octenyl succinate starch (OSA) and whey protein isolate (WPI), were less effective for the formation of nanoemulsions with smaller droplets than the two small molecule emulsifiers, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (Tween 20, TW) and decaglycerol monolaurate (DML). The nanoemulsion containing WPI was the most stable, while the one containing DML was the least stable. During storage, significant degradation of β-carotene occurred in all nanoemulsions, especially in the DML stabilized one, while WPI showed the greatest capacity to protect β-carotene from degradation.     

Microfluidic chip capillary electrophoresis coupled with electrochemiluminescence for enantioseparation of racemic drugs using central composite design optimization

Optimization based on central composite design (CCD) for enantioseparation of anisodamine (AN), atenolol (AT), and metoprolol (ME) in human urine was developed using a microfluidic chip‐CE device. Coupling the flexible and wide working range of microfluidic chip‐CE device to CCD for chiral separation of AN, AT, and ME in human urine, a total of 15 experiments is needed for the optimization procedure as compared to 75 experiments using the normal one variable at a time optimization. The optimum conditions obtained are found to be more robust as shown by the curvature effects of the interaction factors. The developed microfluidic chip‐CE‐ECL system with adjustable dilution ratios has been validated by satisfactory recoveries (89.5–99% for six enanotiomers) in urine sample analysis. The working range (0.3–600 μM), repeatability (3.1–4.9% RSD for peak height and 4.0–5.2% RSD for peak area), and detection limit (0.3–0.6 μM) of the method developed are found to meet the requirements for bedside monitoring of AN, AT, and ME in patients under critical conditions. In summary, the hyphenation of CCD with the microfluidic chip‐CE device is shown to offer a rapid means for optimizing the working conditions on simultaneous separation of three racemic drugs using the microfluidic chip‐CE device developed.     

高原环境压缩比及EGR耦合LIVC对柴油机性能影响

本文基于某两级增压柴油机,建立一维热力学模型,研究高原环境压缩比、EGR耦合LIVC对柴油机性能和NO_x排放的影响。结果表明:同压缩比,4 km海拔,随晚关角度增大,热效率及扭矩增大,NO_x排放大幅降低;在相同晚关角度下,随压缩比增大,热效率及扭矩增大,NO_x排放略有增加。高压缩比,引入EGR率相同且小于15%时,增大晚关角度使扭矩、热效率增大,BFSC与NO_x排放降低;引入EGR率相同且大于15%时,增大晚关角度导致扭矩、热效率降低;当NO_x原始排放较高时(大于2.0 g·kW^-1·h^-1,国V法规ESC限值),随晚关角度增大,等NO_x条件下BSFC降低,采用LIVC策略有利于改善NO_x-BSFC之间的trade-off关系;但随NO_x的进一步降低(尤其小于0.4 g·kW^-1·h^-1,国Ⅵ法规WHSC限值),采用LIVC策略会导致NO_x-BSFC之间的Trade-off关系显著变差。     

短周期涡轮试验台流量调节阀的设计

本文利用CFD对短周期涡轮试验台的流量调节阀进行了优化设计,改进了流量调节阀喉部的流动状况,提高了调节阀对流量的控制能力;对流量调节阀尾部锥体的三种设计方案进行了比较,得到了最佳方案。     

利用微机研究液晶的电光效应

利用微机建立了液晶电光效应的控制和探测系统，该系统不仅可以实时、精确、细致地演示和探测液晶的电控双折射效应，而且可以用来研究液晶对外加电压的瞬态响应特性参数。文中提供了液晶光阀在不同波形的驱动电压下的测试结果。     

流动注射法中一种异常分散度的特征研究

流动注射分析是现代分析化学发展的一个重要方向。在流动注射法中深入地研究原始试液的分散度与载体的流速、试样体积、管道内径和长度等参数的关系,将有助于选择不同的流动注射体系为不同的分析目的服务。本文在使用Tecator 5010型流动注射分析仪时揭示了一种异常的分散度(D)变化曲线。该曲线在D≠1时,出现了假的稳定状态,不遵循Ruzicka所提出的方程式:1/D=1—exp(—KS_v)。经研究证实,这是由于该流动注射阀门存有泄漏结构所造成的。     

单晶硅空间光调制器

详细介绍快速响应单晶硅空间光调制器件的结构、工作机理、制作工艺、性能参数。空间光调制器的极限分辨率为４０ｔｐ／ｍｍ，口径为４０ｍｍ，在９３０ｍｍ写入光灵敏度为２０μＷ／ｃｍ＾２，响应时间为１５ｍｓ，给出该器件的应用实例。     

Quality test of a mechanical switching valve for two-dimensional open tubular gas chromatography

A commercially available mechanical micro switching valve has been tested for inertness. The test mixtures used were a modified Grob test and a solution consisting of eight typical aroma compounds, both at the 2-ng level. Cryogenic focusing of the sample after chromatography including one passage through the valve revealed that irreversible interaction of some test substances with valve components was rather small. A composite main peak of a chromatogram from a fruit juice aroma exhibiting a “mixed odor” was selectively transferred (heart-cutting) to a second column and resolved into three peaks. GC-GC/sniffing assigned a minor peak to a substance formerly hidden under the composite peak. Separate heating of the valve during temperature programming of the column was found to be unnecessary.     

ECRH负高压脉冲电源系统控制特性研究

负高压脉冲电源是ECRH系统最重要的组成部分之一。电源系统工作的可靠性与稳定性直接影响整个ECRH系统的运行。给出了电源系统各环节的动态数学模型，设计出带有前馈的PI调节器。利用MATLAB仿真确定了调节器参数。实验结果显示，该电源系统具有较好的控制特性。